Peb cov lus nug los qhia koj txog "Tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Cov Khoom Tshiab" - Graphene
2023-11-20 14:21:30
Yog tias koj xav hais tias cov cuab yeej tshiab twg yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws tam sim no?
Txhua tus xav txog drones thiab robots.
Dab tsi tshiab technology yog qhov kub tshaj plaws?
Qhov ntawd yog undoubtedly 3D luam ntawv.
Yuav ua li cas txog cov khoom tshiab?
Ntau tus neeg xav txog graphene.
Nws thickness tsuas yog ib 200,000th ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau.
Lub zog yog 200 npaug ntawm cov hlau.
Nws yog cov khoom siv thinnest, lightest thiab muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
Leej twg yog graphene?
Cia tuaj saib!
Dab tsi yog graphene
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog tsim los ntawm carbon atoms, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm graphite thiab olefins. Graphite muaj ib tug hexagonal peb-dimensional txheej txheej, thiab olefin muaj ob-dimensional planar symmetric qauv. Txhawm rau ua kom tiav, lub ntsiab lus tso cai yog: Graphene yog ob-dimensional carbon nanomaterial tsim los ntawm carbon atoms nrog sp² hybrid orbitals tsim ib hexagonal honeycomb lattice.
yog vim li cas nws thiaj li ntxim nyiam heev
Graphene yog ultra-nyias, ultra-light, ultra-muaj zog, thiab muaj ntau yam yees siv zog, yog li nws yog hu ua "King of New Materials".
Ultra nyias
1 hli tuab flake graphite = 3 lab nplooj ntawv ntawm graphene
Super teeb
Siv ib daim ntawm graphene airgel qhov loj ntawm hnub liab thiab muab tso rau ntawm cov plaub hau tsiaj. Tsiaj cov plaub hau tuaj yeem txhawb nqa graphene aerogel, uas yuav luag tsis muaj deformation pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
muaj zog super
Yog hais tias ib tug zoo meej graphene zaj duab xis yuav ua tau rau hauv ib lub hnab yas, thiab graphene yas qhwv yuav tsum tau them rau ntawm lub khob, nws yuav siv ib tug ntxhw zaum ntawm nws ua rau nws rupture, uas yuav qhia tau hais tias nws muaj zog npaum li cas.
"Cov khoom muaj nqis" tshem tawm ntawm daim kab xev
Nyob rau hauv 2004, ob tug kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Manchester, Andre Geim thiab Konstantin Novoselov, tev tawm cov nplooj ntawv graphite los ntawm kev taw qhia pyrolytic graphite, thiab tom qab ntawd daig ob sab ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm ib daim kab xev tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv graphite, rhuav tshem daim kab xev thiab sib cais. daim ntawv graphite ua ob daim. Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv no, daim ntawv ua nyias thiab nyias, thiab thaum kawg ib daim ntawv uas tsuas yog ib txheej ntawm carbon atoms tau txais, uas yog graphene.
Qhov tseeb, graphene twb muaj nyob rau hauv qhov. Piv txwv li, 1 hli tuab graphite muaj kwv yees li 3 lab txheej ntawm graphene. Thaum tus cwj mem maj mam khawb daim ntawv, cov kab uas nyob tom qab yuav tsuas yog ob peb txheej ntawm graphene. Tab sis vim tias thaum ntxov li 70 xyoo dhau los, kev tshawb fawb theoretical tau pom tias cov qauv siv lead ua zoo kawg nkaus tsis tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis yog xoom kiag li, thiab nws nyuaj rau tev tawm ib txheej txheej txheej. Yog li ntawd, graphene tsis tau tshawb pom txog xyoo 2004.
nws yog dab tsi
Graphene muaj lub cev zoo kawg nkaus uas muaj kev hloov pauv hauv ntau qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua lub vijtsam kov vim tias nws yog cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab; Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ultra-ceev ceev vim hais tias cov electrons hauv graphene khiav ceev heev, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm chav tsev kub siab tshaj 10 npaug ntawm cov khoom siv silicon; nws yog cov khoom siv hnyav thiab muaj zog muaj zog muaj qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev cia siab rau hauv thaj chaw aerospace; nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua lub dav hlau stealth thiab cov ntaub ntawv stealth ...
Ntxiv rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, graphene kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv peb cov khoom siv niaj hnub.
Graphene muaj lub cua sov ua haujlwm nyob deb-infrared, uas tuaj yeem nqus cov cua kub tsis tu ncua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab tso tawm cov cua sov nyob deb-infrared. Nws tsis tas yuav muaj hluav taws xob thiab tuaj yeem muab cov dej sov sov rau lub cev. Lub graphene ntse ntsuas kub-tso cua sov lub tsho yog thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm cov khoom muaj ntawv tso cai rau Beijing Lub caij ntuj no Olympics.
Tshiab graphene npog
Graphene muaj hluav taws xob zoo thiab thermal conductivity, txhua yam khoom thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Ntxiv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem txhim kho cov thermal, hluav taws xob, mechanical, adsorption thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus. Graphene qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog cov npog ntsej muag tiv thaiv tshiab tsim los ntawm kev siv tshiab graphene polypropylene cov ntaub ntawv yaj-tshuab hauv cov txheej lim tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub spunbond uas tsis yog-woven npuag uas ua rau lub ntsej muag zoo tib yam. Piv nrog rau cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg zoo tib yam, lub ntsej muag graphene tshiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, ua pa zoo dua, thiab siv sijhawm ntev dua.
Graphene ntse insole
Graphene insoles yog cov ntse insoles uas suav nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas siab. Lub core sensing unit yog ib tug sensor array muaj li ntawm graphene functional cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab tib neeg cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus tau zoo dua, tab sis tseem saib xyuas lub siab ntawm ib leeg ntawm ko taw. Kev faib tawm thiab kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem ua tau raws li daim ntawv thov kev xav tau ntawm kev tshaj lij kev ua kis las, kev kuaj mob pabcuam thiab lwm yam.